Summer term course (MODS & Hydrology)

It has been decided by management that only those who confirm to 75% attendance will be allowed to sit in summer term examinations. Further assignment in this course will only be assigned to whose who are regular. If someone misses even a single class, he will not be awarded assignment. Therefore he/she will lose CA marks.

Assignment 1 -- Summer term course (MODS & Hydrology)

All unsolved numerical problems from Chapter -2 (Precipitation) from Subramanya book (Engineering Hydrology) have to be submitted by (20 June 2011, Monday) with their complete solution. Those who do not submit this assignment by Monday (20 June)  will lose 50% marks straightway.

Syllabus for Summer term course (MODS & Hydrology)

Course for Summer Term June-July 2011

Department of Civil Engineering

Sharda University

MODS and Hydrology

Lecture: 4, Tutorial: 1, Practical: 0

Unit I: MODS

Section I: Introduction                                                                                                                                  

Strength of Materials, Conditions of Equilibrium, Types of stresses and strains, Degree of freedom, Definition of determinate/ indeterminate structures.

Section II: Concept of Stress and Strain Tensor                                                                                                  

Principle of St. Venant, Hooke’s law, stress strain diagram, Young’s Modulus, factor of safety, axially loaded bars, Varying cross-section and Load, Compound bars, temperature stresses, Concept of Stress Tensor , Plane stress, Concept of Strain Tensor, Plane Strain. Stresses induced due to uniaxial stress, stresses induced by state of simple shear, stresses induced due to biaxial stress, Mohr Circle, Poisson’s Ratio, Principal stresses and principal planes, maximum shear stresses, Principal strains, Analysis of strain, Volumetric strain, strain energy, Strain energy, Resilience, Impact load, shear strain energy, Bulk Modulus, Relation between various moduli. Definition of toughness.

Section III: Shear Force and Bending Moment                                   

Types of structures, loading, supporting conditions, structural actions, equation of equilibrium, SFD and BMD under different loads for determinate beams, graphical methods.

Section IV: Normal & Shear Stresses in Beams                                                                                                  

Pure bending, Moment of inertia (quick revision), Bending stresses, 

Shear stress in beams, Shear Connector, Composite beams (layered beam), Reinforced concrete beams

Books and References:

1. Strength of materials: Timoshenko and Young.

2. Strength of materials: Popov

3. Strength of materials: Gere and Goodno

4. Strength of Materials: PK Singh and Jha, Wiley Publications

Unit II: Hydrology

Section I: Introduction

Definition and scope, Hydrology in relation to water resources development, Hydrologic Cycle, The necessity for hydrologic data, the global water budget, Practical applications.

Section II: Hydrometeorology

Introduction, constituents of atmosphere, the weather and the atmosphere, the general circulation, air masses and fronts, climate and weather seasons in India.

Section III: Precipitation

Forms of precipitation, measurement of precipitation, Recording and Non-recording type rain gauges, errors in measurement of rainfall. Consistency of rainfall records, Location of rain gauge stations, analysis and interpretation of rainfall data, Average rainfall over a catchment, Arithmetic, Theissen polygon and isohyetal methods, Probable maximum precipitation (PMP), Rainfall intensity - duration curves.

Section IV: Ground Water

Introduction, occurrence of ground water, aquifers, types of aquifers,  flow and storage parameters, ground water movement, Darcy’s Law, permeability, steady and unsteady flow to wells in Confined and Unconfined aquifers, ground water exploration, Pumping test and recuperation test.

Books and References:

1. Applied Hydrology – Ven Te Chow, David R. Maidment, Larry W. Mays (McGraw Hill)

2. Applied Hydrology –Linsely R.K. Kohler, M.A. and J.L.H. Paulhus (McGraw Hill)

3. Ground Water Hydrology – D. K. Todd, John wiley and Sons

4. Engineering Hydrology – K. Subramanya (Tata McGraw Hill)

5. A Text Book of Hydrology – P. Jaya Rami Reddy (Laxmi Publications)

6. Hydrology Principles and Analysis– H. M. Raghunath (New Age International)

syllabus of core subjects for Vth term

Concrete Structures

Unit I

Section I: Introduction to R.C Structures

Section II: Basic Material Properties

Constituents of concrete mix, grade of concrete; behaviour, of hardened concrete under uniaxial compression, tension, flexure and combined stresses; creep, shrinkage and temperature effects; durability; properties of reinforcing steel, Relevant Codes

Section III: Basic Design Concepts

Working stress, ultimate load and limit states design.

Section IV: Design for Flexure

Analysis at service and ultimate loads; singly and doubly reinforced rectangular and flanged sections; design of beams, one-way slabs, two way slabs

for flexure as per IS 456.

Section V: Design for Shear and Torsion

Analysis and design of reinforced concrete sections for shear as per IS 456. Design of beams for torsion.

Unit II

Section VI: Design for Bond

Development length, splicing, curtailment, code requirements.

Section VII: Design of Compression Members

Effective length, design of short columns subject to axial compression with and without uniaxial/biaxial eccentricities; introduction to slender columns.

Section VIII: Design of Footings

Types of footings, design of isolated and wall footings

Books and References:

1. Reinforced Concrete Design (Second edition) – S. Unnikrishna Pillai and Devdas Menon, Tata McGraw Hill

1. Limit State Design of Reinforced Concrete – P. C. Varghese, Prentice Hall India
2. Design of Concrete Structures (12th edition) – Arthur H Nilson, Tata McGraw-Hill
3. Reinforced Concrete Limit State Design – Ashok K Jain , Nemchand &Bros.

Foundation Engineering

Section I: Introduction

Role of civil engineers in selection, design and construction of foundation of civil engineering structures, Brief review of soil mechanics principles used in foundation engineering

Section II: Site Investigation

Methods of soil exploration, Boring, Sampling-disturbed and undisturbed sampling, Sampling techniques, Various penetration tests including dynamic cone penetration test (DCPT), standard penetration test (SPT) and static cone penetration test (SCPT), Preparation of soil borelogs, Correlation between penetration resistance and soil design parameters, Selection of foundation based on soil condition.

Section III: Earth Pressure

Earth pressure at rest, Active and Passive earth pressure, Rankine and Coulomb’s earth pressure theories, Earth pressure due to surcharge

Section IV: Shallow Foundations

Types of shallow foundations, mechanism of load transfer, Modes of failure, Terzaghi’s bearing capacity theory, Computation of bearing capacity in soils, Influence of various factors, Use of field test data in design of shallow foundations, Stresses below the foundations, Settlement of footings and rafts, Allowable and maximum differential settlements of buildings, Codal provisions, Proportioning of footings and rafts

Section V: Pile Foundation

Types of pile and method of construction, Estimation of load carrying capacity of a pile, Static and dynamic formulae, Load carrying capacity and settlement of group of piles, Piles subjected to uplift, Negative skin friction, Pile load tests and interpretation of test data, Proportioning of piles, Codal provisions

Section VI: Well Foundations

Methods of construction, Tilt and shift, Remedial measures during sinking of well foundation, Bearing capacity, Settlement and lateral stability of well foundation

Section VII: Stability of Slopes

Mode of failure mechanism, Stability analysis of infinite slopes, Method of slices, Bishop’s simplified method

Section VIII: Retaining Walls

Types of retaining walls-gravity, semigravity, cantilever and counterfort retaining walls, Stability analysis of retaining walls, Proportioning and design of retaining walls

Section IX: Soil Stabilization

Concept of soil stabilization, Materials used, Methods of stabilization

Books and References:

1. Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering – Arora, K.R. (Standard publishers and distributors, New Delhi, 1997)
2. A Textbook of Geotechnical Engineering – Khan, I.H., (Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1999)
3. Basic and applied soil mechanics – Gopal Ranjan and Rao, A.S.R. (Wiley Eastern Ltd., New Delhi (India), 1997)
4. Foundation Analysis and Design – Bowles J.E. (McGraw Hill, 1994)
5. Design Aids in Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering – S.R. Kaniraj (Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi)
6. Foundation Engineering (2nd Edition) – Peck, R.B., Hanson (W.E. and Thornburn. W.H. John Wiley, New York, 1976)
7. Principles of Foundation Engineering – Das, B.M. (PWS Publishing, California, 1999)

Fluid Mechanics and Hydraulics

Unit I

Section 1: Introduction

Fluid as continuum, physical properties of fluids, ideal and real fluids, Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids, Fluid Statics, Pressure – density - height relationship, pressure measurement using Manometers, Pressure force on plane and curved surfaces, centre of pressure, buoyancy, stability of immersed and floating bodies, metacentric height, fluid mass subjected to uniform accelerations

Section 2: Kinematics of fluid flow

Steady and unsteady flows, uniform and non uniform flows, laminar and turbulent flows, one, two and three dimensional flows, streamlines, streak lines and path lines, circulation and vorticity, rotational and irrotational flows, velocity potential and stream function, graphical and experimental methods of drawing flow nets, continuity equation.

Section 3: Dynamics of fluid flow

Euler’s equation of motion along a streamline and its integration, Bernoulli’s equation and its applications – Pitot tube, Venturimeter, orificemeter, nozzles, momentum equation and its application to stationary and moving plates/vanes, pipe bends, problems related to combined application of energy and momentum equations.

Unit II

Section 4: Flow in Pipes

Reynold’s experiments, experimental determination of critical velocity, transition from laminar to turbulent flow, Laminar flow through circular tubes, major and minor losses in pipe lines, loss due to sudden contraction, expansion etc., Analysis of pipe networks, hardy Cross Method.

Section 5: Flow in open Channel

Comparison between open channel and pipe flow, uniform and non-uniform flows, uniform flow formulae, Chezy’s and Manning’s Formula, Hydraulically efficient channel section of rectangular, trapezoidal and circular type

Section 6: Flow through mouthpieces and orifices

Hydraulic coefficients of orifice, bell method orifice, mouthpieces, Borda's mouthpieces, running free and submerged. Notches and Weirs: Rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal notches and weir, cippoletti and broad crested weir, aeration of nappe, cavitations submerged weir.

Books and References:

1.    Fluid Mechanics – Streeter V.L. & Wylie E.B. (Tata McGraw Hill)

2.    Mechanics of Fluid – Irving H. Shames (McGraw Hill)

3.    Fluid Mechanics – John F Dougles (Pearson Publication)

4.    Fluid Mechanics – R.J. Garde (New Age International Publication)

5.    Introduction to Fluid Mechanics – James A. Fay (Prentice Hall India)

6.    Fluid Mechanics and Machinery – C. S. P. Ojha, R. Berndtsson and

     P. N. Chandramouli (Oxford University Press)

7.    Fluid Mechanics – P.N. Modi  and S. M. Seth(Standard Book House)

8.    Fluid Mechanics – Gupta and Gupta (Wiley Edition)

Result Summary

The result summary for second yr is as,

Total Students: 158
Pass: 126
Fail: 32
% of pass: 79.7

Subject wise summary (number of students in that grade) is as,

Subject                A     AB     B     BC     C     CD    D     F
BMC Lab            5       71     64     16      1        0      0     1
Soil Mech Lab     27     34     54      26     14      2      0      1
Hydro Lab          12      49     67      27      2       0      0      1
SA                       0        0       1        2      11     26    68    50
BMC                   0        2      18      34     46     42    12     4